迪高無(wú)鹵油墨體系

　　一、什么是鹵素？

　　Halogen（鹵素）是第ⅦA族非金屬元素，包括了氟（Fluorine-）、氯（Chlorine）、溴（Bromine）、碘（Iodine）和砹（Astatine）五種元素，合稱(chēng)鹵素。其中砹（Astatine）為放射性元素，人們通常所指的鹵素是氟、氯、溴、碘四種元素。鹵素化合物經(jīng)常作為一種阻燃劑：PBB， PBDE， TBBP-A， PCB，六溴十二烷，三溴苯酚，短鏈氯化石蠟等，應(yīng)用于電子零組件與材料、產(chǎn)品外殼、塑膠等。此種阻燃劑無(wú)法回收使用，而且在燃燒與加熱過(guò)程中會(huì)釋放有害物質(zhì)，威脅到人類(lèi)身體的健康、環(huán)境和下一代子孫。

　　1. What is Halogen?

　　Halogen: Group VIIA in periodic table which is non-metal elements including Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine and Astatine. Since Astatine is a radioactive element, halogens are normally means Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine and Iodine.

　　二、鹵素的應(yīng)用

　　阻燃劑、制冷劑、溶劑、有機(jī)化工原料、農(nóng)藥殺蟲(chóng)劑、漂白劑、羊毛脫脂劑。

　　2. Use of Halogen

　　Halogen is being used in a wide range of electronic device and its sub-parts including machine case, printed circuit board, cable wire, plastic parts and packaging material. Halogenated materials posses of high heat resistance which limits its combustion in a fire and provides excellent fire safety performance.

　　三、鹵素的危害

　　對(duì)免疫系統(tǒng)的毒性、對(duì)內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)的影響、對(duì)生殖和發(fā)育的影響、致癌作用、其它毒性（精神和心理疾患）、多數(shù)鹵化物屬環(huán)境荷爾蒙物質(zhì)。

　　在塑料等聚合物產(chǎn)品中添加鹵素（氟，氯，溴，碘）用以提高燃點(diǎn)，其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：燃點(diǎn)比普通聚合物材料高，燃點(diǎn)大約在 300℃ 。燃燒時(shí)，會(huì)散發(fā)出鹵化氣體（氟，氯，溴，碘），迅速吸收氧氣，從而使火熄滅。但其缺點(diǎn)是釋放出的氯氣濃度高時(shí)，引起的能見(jiàn)度下降會(huì)導(dǎo)致無(wú)法識(shí)別逃生路徑，同時(shí)氯氣具有很強(qiáng)的毒性，影響人的呼吸系統(tǒng)，此外，含鹵聚合物燃燒釋放出的鹵素氣在與水蒸汽結(jié)合時(shí)，會(huì)生成腐蝕性有害氣體（鹵化氫），對(duì)一些設(shè)備及建筑物造成腐蝕。

　　3. Harmfulness of Halogen

　　Halogenated plastic materials will release corrosive and toxic gases if ignited in a fire. The corrosive element (i.e. Chlorine) of these gases has the risk to damage electronics function. The toxic element may also affect human immune and endocrine system. Toxicity study has also classified these toxic elements are potentially carcinogenic, heterogenic risk in human.

　　四、國(guó)際上限制鹵素的法規(guī)

　　4. Restriction on Halogens Freeinogenic, heterogenic risk in human.